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Knowledge base

Modular Synthesis

How Can Looping Envelopes Generate Random Rhythms in Modular Synthesis?

Creating Random Timing with Looping Envelopes and Sample & Hold Feedback

One fascinating way to generate randomness is allowing a Sample & Hold module to influence the timing of the process that created it.… read more

What Are Different Ways to Create Randomness in Modular Generative Music?

Five Faces of Randomness in Generative Music

Randomness is one of the defining characteristics of generative music. However, not all randomness behaves the same way.

A random process can influence:

… read more

How Can Envelope Generators Become Cyclic Modulation Sources?

Creating Self-Running Envelope Feedback Loops

A pair of envelope generators can become a continuously running modulation system by introducing feedback.

From Chain to Loop

In an envelope chain, one envelope triggers the next… read more

How Do You Trigger One Envelope from Another Envelope?

Creating Envelope Chains in Modular Synthesis

Some envelope generators provide an End Of Cycle output.

This output makes it possible to connect envelopes into chains.

The Principle

When the first envelope finishes its cycle,… read more

How Can Two Envelope Generators Create a New Composite Envelope?

Combining Multiple Envelope Generators with a CV Mixer

Envelope generators become far more powerful when they are combined.

The simplest method is adding their outputs together with a CV mixer.

Creating Composite… read more

What Happens When You Modulate Envelope Attack, Decay and Release Times?

Modulating Envelope Stages with Control Voltage

Some envelope generators provide CV inputs for individual stages such as attack, decay, sustain and release.

These inputs open the door to a completely different… read more

How Do You Add Envelope and LFO Signals Together in Modular Synthesis?

Combining Envelope Generators and LFOs with CV Mixers

Another powerful way to create sophisticated modulation signals is simply adding envelope and LFO outputs together.

The Basic Idea

Instead of one module… read more

How Can an Envelope Generator Modulate an LFO in a Modular Synthesizer?

Using Envelopes to Modulate LFOs in Modular Synthesis

One of the simplest ways to create more sophisticated control voltages is combining an envelope generator with a low-frequency oscillator. A particularly useful… read more

How Much Randomness Should a Generative Music System Contain?

Mixing Stable and Random Elements in Generative Composition

One of the central challenges of generative music is balancing predictability and surprise.

Too much stability becomes repetitive.

Too much randomness… read more

How Do You Create Tempo Jumps and Melody Inversions in Modular Systems?

Changing BPM and Inverting Melodies in Generative Music

Two simple techniques can dramatically alter musical perception: tempo changes and melodic inversion.

Jumping Between BPM Values

Tempo does not need to change… read more